AC units are sized in "tons" — one ton equals 12,000 BTU/hr of cooling capacity. The standard starting point is 25 BTU per square foot of conditioned living space. So a 1,600 sq ft home needs roughly 40,000 BTU/hr, or about a 3.5-ton unit. However, this is a rough estimate. Actual sizing should account for insulation quality, ceiling height, window area, local climate design temperatures, and attic conditions. A licensed contractor performs a Manual J load calculation to determine the precise size. Our calculator gives you a ballpark — always have a pro confirm before you buy.